Which of the following effects is due to direct contact with pesticides?

The correct answer is related to the immediate impact that occurs when a pesticide is applied directly to a target organism, which is what "contact effects" refer to. These effects arise from the pesticide coming into direct physical contact with the skin, eyes, or respiratory system, leading to a quick response, such as irritation, poisoning, or other health issues.

In contrast, systemic effects generally involve the pesticide being absorbed and distributed throughout an organism’s system after contact. Long-term effects pertain to changes or damage that develop over extended periods, often resulting from repeated exposure or accumulation of substances, rather than a single instance of contact. Environmental toxicity involves the broader impact of pesticides on non-target organisms and ecosystems, highlighting long-term or aggregate effects in the environment rather than immediate contact consequences.

Thus, direct contact with pesticides results in contact effects, which are immediately observable and can lead to acute health issues upon exposure.