What is referred to as substances used to destroy or suppress harmful pathogens on surfaces?

The correct answer is antimicrobials, as these substances are specifically designed to destroy or inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, on surfaces. Antimicrobials can take various forms, including disinfectants and antiseptics, and are critical in maintaining hygiene and safety in various settings, particularly in healthcare and food handling environments.

Understanding the other terms helps clarify the distinction: pesticides are used broadly for the management of pests, which can include insects and weeds but are not specifically formulated for pathogens on surfaces. Virucides target viruses specifically by inactivating them, but they are a subset of antimicrobials. Fungicides are designed to eliminate fungi and are specialized for fungal pathogens rather than the broader category of all harmful microorganisms. This specificity of antimicrobials makes them the appropriate choice for the question regarding substances used to destroy or suppress harmful pathogens on surfaces.